Improvement in looms



linited gister pour ein WILLIAM GADD AND JOHN noonnor MANCHESTER, GREAT BRITAIN.

Lema-s' Patent 210.92923, dated .my 13, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS.

`The Schedule referred to in these Letters 'Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom itmcty concern..-

Be 'it known that we, WrLLrAM GADD and JOHN MOORE, of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented an Improvement in Looms for Weaving and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.4

Our invention relates to the portions of a loom for actuating the slay, and producing'and regulating the tension of the warp; and consists in a method oi' giving motion to the said slay of the loom, by means hereinzd'ter described, and in the method of producing and regulating the tension of the Warp.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe' the construetion and operation of' the portions of' a loom to which our invention more immediately' relates.

Referring to the drawing attached hereunto- Figure lrepresents a cross-section of the loom;

Figure 2 is a plan of one end;

Figure 3 is a back elevation thereof, one end not being shown and Figures 4 and 5 illustrate modications of' the invention.

Figure 6, plate 2, is an elevation of the back portion of the loom.

Figure 7 is an end elevation of the same.

VFigure 8 is a plan View of' the tension-dence.

In the various figures, plate l c is the main driving-shaft;

I) is the slay; and

. c is a cam, mounted ou the shaft ai, and'suitably ibrined to impart the desired motion to the said slay.

The shafta revolves at one-half the ordinary speed; that is to say, the loom makes two picks during one revolution 'of the said shaft, the cam c causing the slaybto perform two complete strokes during one revolution of the said cam.

The 4cam c is formed with a Hauch, d, the outer sur face of' which llaneh operates upon an anti-friction bowl, e, revolving on the pino, fitted in suitable bearings formed in the slay-sword j, and the inner sin'face of the said flanch operates upon a second anti-f1iction howl y, revolvingr upon a stud fixed to the radius or ling-link l1, the said link oscillating, to some extent, around the centre of motion o i' the bowl e, as the cam revolves, in order that the bowl y may accommodate itself to the movements of the said cam.

As the cani c revolves, the bowls e and g acted upon alternately, and the slay b is caused to vibrate, moving forward to beat up the weft when the bowl c is acted upon, and backward, to admit of the passage of the shuttle, when the bowl r/ is acted upon, the

form of' cam shown in the drawings being such as ill impart a movement to the slay similar to the movement whichvwould be 'imparted thereto' by a crank and connecting-rod, acting in the ordinary manner.

Two cams are used to work the slay, the second cam being in the portion of' the loom shown as broken away in fig. 3. y

The picking-shaft i is actuated by a tappet fixed upon the shaft a, and acting on the arm it' ofthe picking-shaft.

The other picking-shaft is actuated in the saine manner.

The healds are actuated by the levers l I, a vibrating motion being imparted to the said levers by means of the eccentrics m fm, mounted on the shaft a.

Arrangements for actuating the picking-shafts or sticks, and the healds or harness, other than those hereindescribed, and illustrated in the drawings, may be employed, as may be found to be suitable to each description of loom.

In fig. 4 the bowl e is represented as being mounted upon the link p, in a similar manner to the bowl y, the said link fp being free to swivel, to a certain extent, on the stud fr. l

In iig. 5, both of the bowls are shomi as mounted upon one link s, the said link being .free to swivel, to a certain extent, around the centre of motion t, for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned.I

It will be seen, that as each one of the two bowls revolves constantly in the same direction, when the loom is at Work, greater smoothness of' action is attained, with less wear of the bowls and cam; than when only one bowl is used to each cani.

Having described the first portion of' our invention, we will now proceed to describe the portion relating to producing and regulating the tension of' the warp during the operation of weaving, which consists of a simple method of increasing or decreasing the strain upon the ropes, or other equivalents, which are usually coiled around each end of' the warp-beam.

Each rope is attached by one end to a spring, as is usual, and by the other end to a suitable form of spring, as, for example, a spiral spring, the end of' the spiral spring which is opposite to that attached to the rope being attached to one end ci a band, cord, chain,

or other equivalent, as, for example, a strap, the other" end of the strap being fastened to the circmnferenoc of a small pulley, the rotation of which eiiects the desired object.

In the various figures on plate 2, a o are the side frames of the loom, and l) is the warp-beam, upon which the warp, representedA by straight lines, is wound.

The warp-beam is fitted at each end with an ordif nary drum or pulley, c c, upon which the ropes d d are coiled, one end of each rope being attached to a spiral spring, e, the other end thereof, after bein g passed partly around the eariier-pulley f, which revolves on a stud aixed to the rail g, being hooked on, or attached to the end of the spiral spring h. f

The ratchet-wheel i is mounted on a stud [fixed to the rail g, and is formed with a long boss, to which the ends of the st aps k k are attached, the opposite ends thereof being` connected with the spiral springs h h..

When the ratchet-wheel is rotated in the direction of the arrow in fig. 1, the straps k L will be wound upon the boss'or pulley j, and the two springs h 7c. will be simultaneously extended to an equal extent, and thereby the ropes d cl will be tightened upon the pulleys c c, and the tension on the warp will be increased, a contrary effect being produced by rotating the ratchet-wheel in a reverse direction.

The method of operating with the apparatus may be described as follows:

.When a full warp-beam has been placed in position in the loom, and the ropes, springs, and straps connected together, the ratchet-wheel is rotated in the direction of the arrow, luitil a suitable anlount of tension is imparted to Vthe warp, and the strain upon the ropes (I fl is maintained, so long as is desirable, bythe panibl, preventing the backward rotation of the ratch- (it-Wheel.

At sueh times, duringr the proeessof weaving, as it maybe thought des' 'able to reduce the strain upon the ropes (I d, the pawl l is raised out of gear with the ratchet-wheel, and the said wheel is allowed to rotate,` to some-extent, in a reverse direction to that indicated by the arrow, and the pawl is placed in gear with the ratchet-wheel, and the strain upon the ropes,.as so reduced, is maintained until it is thought advisable to eii'ect a further reduction Yin the strain.

If preferred, the straps 1th may be passed partly around the carrier-pulleys ff, the springs 7i h, in such a case, occupying a v'ertical position, as in the case of the springs c e.

The strain upon the ropes dd may be proportionately increased by substituting different pulleys for the pulleys fj, as is shown atlFigure 9, where m is a l pulley turned to two diameters.

In this case, the strap which is attached to the spring,r h is'iixed to the larger diameter of the pulley, and the rope'dI to the smaller diameter thereof, the power of thc spiing h being, by means of this arinngement, increased to any convenient and suit-able extent.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the shell-cams, the bowls e g, vand the radius-'link 1,.with the main shaft a, and the I lay, for the purpose of operating the latter, substam tially as herein shown anddescribed.

2. The combination of the ratchet-wldcl i, pawl Z, l pulleys j, straps k 1.', springs h le., c e, and cords d (I, with the warp-beam l), substantially as described, for the puipose specified. l

.In testimony whereof, we havehereunto set our hands, in the presence oi' two subscribing witnesses.

TILLIAM GAD] l. JOHN MOORE.

Witnesses EDWARD K. 1-)UTT0N. lllUcn' (l. GRANT. 

